Definition of displacement reaction.

[Primarygun]

What is the definition of a displacement reaction? In aqeuous solution?

Moreover, sulphur dioxide dissolve in water to give out hydrogen ions and sulphate ions?

And, what is the reaction for a concentrated nitric acid reacts with a metal or a carbonates or hydrogencarbonates?

[budullewraagh]

What is the definition of a displacement reaction? In aqeuous solution?

Moreover, sulphur dioxide dissolve in water to give out hydrogen ions and sulphate ions?

And, what is the reaction for a concentrated nitric acid reacts with a metal or a carbonates or hydrogencarbonates?

-displacement reactions can be defined as either "single replacement" or "double replacement". an example of a single replacement reaction:

2KI(aq)+Cl2(g) --> 2KCl(aq)+I2(s)

as you see, the chlorine displaces the iodide anion, oxidizing it to iodine and reducing to the chloride anion

 

an example of a double replacement reaction:

NaNO3(aq)+KCl(aq) -->NaCl(aq)+KNO3(aq)

the most active anion is the nitrate and the most active cation is the potassium. upon distillation, one can find that NaCl and KNO3 are present.

 

-sulfur dioxide is not very soluble. when it does dissolve some of it hydrolyzes to form sulfurous acid (H2SO3) much of which dissociates, not sulfuric (H2SO4).

 

-nitric acid oxidizes metals. when any acid reacts with carbonates or bicarbonates, the following reaction occurs (let X=anion at -1 charge):

Na2CO3(aq)+HX(aq)-->CO2(g)+NaX(aq)+H2O(l)

Note: this works for any acid, monoprotic, diprotic, triprotic, tetraprotic etc.

[jdurg]

I think an easier to understand example of a single displacement reaction is putting copper metal in a solution of silver nitrate.

 

Cu(s) + AgNO3(aq) --> CuNO3(aq) + Ag(s). The copper metal replaces the silver ions in solution forming silver metal and copper ions. The solution turns a blue-green color due to the presence of the copper ions.

 

Another easy to see 'double replacement' reaction is the addition of silver nitrate to sodium chloride. The silver will immediately take the place of the sodium and give you silver chloride, while the sodium will remain in soultion at the sodium ion. However, you can filter the solution to get the AgCl out and evaporate the filtrate to dryness to get the sodium nitrate.

 

NaCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) --> NaNO3(aq) + AgCl(s)

 

That one might be easier to actually 'see' the double replacment than the potassium chloride/sodium nitrate reaction.

[Primarygun]

Must be occured in solutions? I am not sure about the ionic equation.

Can an ionic equation be written out if the reactants are solid and products are ions?