Good, little-known thought experiments/medical conditions/theories/etc?

[SlyHobbes]

Hey, so pretty much as the title says, I'm looking for some good theories and stuff. To give exact context, I'm writing a visual novel, and need something to sort of base it on (think 999). Anything like Shrodinger's Cat, The Chinese Room, Espers, Prosopagnosia, Split-brain Experiments, Rupert Sheldrake's theories, strange coincidences (like the book The Wreck of the Titan), Ice Nine - really anything like that. It can be fiction (like espers and Ice Nine), proven or not, it doesn't really matter. Mainly unknown theories and experiments are fine - in fact, they're great. The less known, the better.

 

Thanks in advance!