Genetic explanation for Grafting

[Motanache]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafting#Scientific_uses

 

I saw a few trees grafted.

 

Instead of making very small fruit, began to make large fruit.

 

Whole different in shape, color.

Instead of wild apples.

They began producing big apples.

 

I expect the fruit to be done after the tree genetic pattern.

 

However, there are some living cells and

theirs multiplying, is coordinated only by genetic information inside them.

 

 

How could a small piece of another tree even change the color of the fruit?

Edited March 5, 2015 by Motanache

[Acme]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafting#Scientific_uses

 

I saw a few trees grafted.

 

Instead of making very small fruit, began to make large fruit.

 

Whole different in shape, color.

Instead of wild apples.

They began producing big apples.

 

I expect the fruit to be done after the tree genetic pattern.

 

However, there are some living cells and

theirs multiplying, is coordinated only by genetic information inside them.

 

How could a small piece of another tree even change the color of the fruit?

The link you give leads to this:

Grafting has been important in flowering research. Leaves or shoots from plants induced to flower can be grafted onto uninduced plants and transmit a floral stimulus that induces them to flower.[5] ...

No genetic material is transferred across a graft boundary. Nutrients and chemical signals however do cross the boundary through the xylem and phloem and it is chemical signals that induce flowering.

 

As to apples, their seeds do not breed true to the parent plant. Throughout history, genetic variation has from time-to-time resulted in sweeter and/or larger apples and people just happened to be around to recognize them and preserve the tree. When grafting was figured out*, any branches from the desired tree which are grafted to other apple trees will produce the desirable fruit only on that branch and its offshoots. If two plants are closely related it is possible to graft different kinds of fruits to the same root-stock. For example in the Genus Prunus you could graft an apple branch to a pear tree.

 

*A History of Grafting